abstract：:The bioavailability of ibuprofen from matrix mini-tablets based on microcrystalline wax and a starch derivative was tested. An oral dose of 300 mg of ibuprofen was administered to healthy volunteers (n=8) in a randomized cross-over study design either as a commercial matrix formulation (Ibu-Slow 600) or as mini-tablet...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： De Brabander C,Vervaet C,Görtz JP,Remon JP,Berlo JA

更新日期：2000-11-04 00:00:00

abstract：:There is a realisation that small quantities of amorphous material can have a significant impact on the properties of crystalline solids. Consequently there is a growing interest in quantifying the amount of amorphous material that is present in "crystalline powders". Success has been reported when using isothermal mi...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Hogan SE,Buckton G

更新日期：2000-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of experimental design for the robustness testing of a flow-through dissolution method (Ph Eur/USP Apparatus 4) for atovaquone, one of the drug substances in a dual-active anti-malarial tablet formulation, Malarone tablets, is described. This procedure was developed to overcome the suppression of the atovaquon...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Bloomfield MS,Butler WC

更新日期：2000-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Three rapid and sensitive, colorimetric and atomic absorption spectrometric methods were developed for the determination of aztreonam. The proposed methods depend upon the reaction of cobaltthiocyanate (I) or reineckate (II) ions with the drug to form stable ion-pair complexes which extractable with chloroform. The gr...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Amin AS,Aly HM

更新日期：2000-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Our capacitance and conductance measurements on reconstituted planar lipid bilayers (BLM) suggest an insertion of the flavonoid quercetin (QCT) in the membranes, which is concentration- and pH-dependent. Interaction of the flavonoid with the membrane has no impact on either structure or integrity of the lipid bilayer....

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Movileanu L,Neagoe I,Flonta ML

更新日期：2000-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:As a new oral drug delivery system for colon targeting, enteric coated timed-release press-coated tablets (ETP tablets) were developed by coating enteric polymer on timed-release press-coated tablets composed of an outer shell of hydroxypropylcellulose and core tablet containing diltiazem hydrochloride (DIL) as a mode...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Fukui E,Miyamura N,Uemura K,Kobayashi M

更新日期：2000-08-25 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to investigate the penetration of topical and oral ofloxacin into aqueous humor and vitreous humor in post-traumatic endophthalmitis model in rabbits. METHODS:A standardized intraocular infection after penetrating injury was made in the right eyes of 16 rabbits. Intraocular infection was induc...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Oztürk F,Kurt E,Inan UU,Kortunay MC,Ilker SS,Başci NE,Bozkurt A

更新日期：2000-08-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to investigate the importance of liposome structure in oestradiol skin delivery as a tool for understanding the delivery mechanism from lipid vesicles. Liposomes of phosphatidylcholine (PC) (1), PC, sodium cholate; 86:14 w/w (II), PC, Span 80; 86.7:13.3 w/w (III) and PC, oleic acid: 84:16 w/w...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： El Maghraby GM,Williams AC,Barry BW

更新日期：2000-08-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The particle size of peptide DNA condensates were studied after freeze-drying and rehydration as a function of sugar excipient, concentration, pH, DNA concentration, and peptide condensing agent. In the absence of an excipient, freeze-dried 50 microg/ml AlkCWK(18) (iodoacetic acid alkylated Cys-Typ-Lys(18)) DNA conden...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Kwok KY,Adami RC,Hester KC,Park Y,Thomas S,Rice KG

更新日期：2000-08-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Directly compressed matrices were produced containing either xanthan gum or karaya gum as a release-controlling agent. These swellable hydrophilic natural gums were used to control the release of varying proportions of two model drugs, caffeine and diclofenac sodium, which have different solubilities in aqueous medium...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Munday DL,Cox PJ

更新日期：2000-08-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The objectives of this study were to determine the oral bioavailability of cefuroxime (C) and to evaluate the pharmacokinetic model that best describes the plasma concentration behaviour following single intravenous (IV), intraperitoneal (IP) and oral single doses. The same dose of C was administered by IV, IP and ora...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Ruiz-Carretero P,Nacher A,Merino-Sanjuan M,Casabo VG

更新日期：2000-07-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the enhancement of tolbutamide (TBM) oral bioavailability and hypoglycaemic activity through complexation with beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) and hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD). TBM and its freeze-dried inclusion complexes were administered to rabbits (New ze...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Veiga F,Fernandes C,Teixeira F

更新日期：2000-07-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Niosomes are vesicles formed by self-assembly of non-ionic surfactants. In this investigation, the effects of processing variables, particularly temperature and sonication, on the physical characteristics and phase transitional behaviour of two niosomal systems based on a hexadecyl diglycerol ether (C(16)G(2)) have be...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Arunothayanun P,Bernard MS,Craig DQ,Uchegbu IF,Florence AT

更新日期：2000-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The ionization and transport properties of lidocaine hydrochloride (LidHCl) in aqueous propylene glycol (PG) containing 20% PG by weight was studied by means of electrical precision conductometry. For drug concentrations exceeding about 1.7 mM a slight formation of LidH(+)Cl(-) ion-pairs is indicated; ion-pair associa...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Karami K,Merclin N,Brounéus F,Beronius P

更新日期：2000-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In the present paper the interaction between lambda carrageenan, a natural sulphated polysaccharide, and diltiazem HCl, a Ca channel blocking agent, was studied. Dialysis equilibria were performed to quantify the binding capacity of lambda carrageenan for diltiazem. The relevance of the interaction to hydrophilic matr...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Bonferoni MC,Rossi S,Ferrari F,Bettinetti GP,Caramella C

更新日期：2000-05-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Alpha-lactose monohydrate was prepared to have different morphological features but with similar particle size. The crystal shape and surface smoothness of lactose were quantified by a number of shape descriptors and these were supported qualitatively by the visual examination of scanning electron (SE) micrographs of ...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Zeng XM,Martin GP,Marriott C,Pritchard J

更新日期：2000-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:A drug carrier of colloidal lipid particles with improved payloads and enhanced storage stability was investigated. Based on the experiences with hard fats nanoparticles, a new type of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) has been developed by incorporating triglyceride containing oils in the solid core of said particle. T...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Jenning V,Thünemann AF,Gohla SH

更新日期：2000-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The epidural administration is used commonly in the treatment of pain. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, especially ibuprofen, would have potential in epidural use. Like many epidurally useful drugs it, however, has a short duration of action, which is a limiting factor. To improve epidural pain treatment, a long-...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Paavola A,Kilpeläinen I,Yliruusi J,Rosenberg P

更新日期：2000-04-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of different formulation factors (lipid type, cholesterol, charge, internal buffer capacity, drug-to-lipid incubation ratio) on the encapsulation efficiency and size of primaquine liposomes (SUV's) in response to a pH gradient was investigated by a fractional factorial screen ing design. Three of the factor...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Stensrud G,Sande SA,Kristensen S,Smistad G

更新日期：2000-04-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Various processing variables that can influence granulation characteristics of a lactose-based formulation were evaluated using a Plackett-Burman experimental design. These parameters were impeller speed, granulating solution addition rate, total amount of water added in the granulation step, wet massing time, moistur...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Badawy SI,Menning MM,Gorko MA,Gilbert DL

更新日期：2000-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The skin represents an attractive site for the localised gene therapy of dermatological pathologies and as a potential antigen bioreactor following transdermal delivery. Potential also exists for the gene therapy of skin as a cosmetic intervention. The most exploited non-viral gene delivery system involves the complex...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Birchall JC,Marichal C,Campbell L,Alwan A,Hadgraft J,Gumbleton M

更新日期：2000-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:A comprehensive model is proposed to accurately describe drug release kinetics from a coated plane sheet when drug loading in the core is above its saturation level. The general solutions are acquired in a dimensionless form by the Laplace transform and the solution for the special case-a perfect sink condition, is de...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Tongwen X,Binglin H

更新日期：2000-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:In a previous study we demonstrated the dependency of cyclosporine (CyA) pharmacokinetics on the age and gender of Wistar rats given 10 mg/kg intravenously. The present study has been conducted under the same experimental conditions (10 mg/kg as a single intravenous dose) to identify the mechanisms behind such differe...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Molpeceres J,Chacón M,Guzmán M,Aberturas MR,Berges L

更新日期：2000-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent investigations both in vitro and in human subjects proved the benefit/risk ratio of prednicarbate (PC) to exceed those of halogenated topical glucocorticoids about 2-fold. To obtain a further highly desired increase by drug targeting to viable epidermis, PC was incorporated into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN)....

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Maia CS,Mehnert W,Schäfer-Korting M

更新日期：2000-03-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Drug-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) suitable for parenteral administration were freeze-dried. The lipid matrix Imwitor 900 (concentration, 2.5%) was stabilized with Lipoid E 80 and sodium glycocholate. The influence of different parameters of lyophilization like the protective effect of cryoprotectants, freezi...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Zimmermann E,Müller RH,Mäder K

更新日期：2000-03-10 00:00:00

abstract：:A series of labdans and their derivatives have been identified as novel potential antileishmanial drugs using an in vitro test system against extracellular promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania donovani in murine macrophages (Kayser, O., Kiderlen, A.F., 1998. In vitro activity of leishmanicidal lab...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Kayser O

更新日期：2000-03-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The degradation of N,N',N"-triethylenephosphoramide (TEPA) in aqueous solutions has been investigated over a pH range of 3-14. Samples were analyzed using a gas chromatographic system with nitrogen/phosphorus selective detection. The degradation kinetics were studied as function of pH, sodium chloride concentration an...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： van Maanen RJ,Tijhof IM,Damen JM,Zwikker JW,Beijnen JH

更新日期：2000-02-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The ex vivo buccal permeability of a [D-Ala(2), D-Leu(5)]enkephalin (DADLE) and glyceryl monooleate (GMO) was examined from the cubic and lamellar liquid crystalline phases of GMO and aqueous phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4, PBS) solution across excised porcine buccal mucosa mounted in a Franz cell. GMO was released...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Lee J,Kellaway IW

更新日期：2000-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The present investigation concerns the development of the floating matrix tablets, which after oral administration are designed to prolong the gastric residence time, increase the drug bioavailability and diminish the side effects of irritating drugs. The importance of the composition optimisation, the technological p...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Baumgartner S,Kristl J,Vrecer F,Vodopivec P,Zorko B

更新日期：2000-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:High molecular weight polyethylene oxides (PEOs) have recently been proposed as an alternative to hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) in controlled release matrix tablets. In this study, we compared the performance of PEO and HPMC polymers when employed in the Geomatrix technology, a versatile, well-known method to ac...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Maggi L,Bruni R,Conte U

更新日期：2000-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of the present study was to evaluate the TR146 cell culture model as an in vitro model of human buccal epithelium. For this purpose, the permeability of water, mannitol and testosterone across the TR146 cell culture model was compared to the permeability across human, monkey and porcine buccal mucosa. Fu...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Nielsen HM,Rassing MR

更新日期：2000-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The novel anticancer agent BIBX1382BS is a representative of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors. BIBX1382BS, for parenteral use, is formulated pharmaceutically as a lyophilized product containing 100 mg BIBX1382BS per dosage unit. This in vitro study was performed to establish...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Nuijen B,Bouma M,Henrar RE,Brauns U,Bette P,Bult A,Beijnen JH

更新日期：2000-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:In the 1990s chitosan turned out to be a useful excipient in various pharmaceutical formulations. By modifications of the primary amino group at the 2-position of this poly(beta1-->4 D-glucosamine), the features of chitosan can even be optimised according to a given task in drug delivery systems. For peroral peptide d...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Bernkop-Schnürch A

更新日期：2000-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Sodium salts are often used in drug formulation but their partial solubility parameters are not available. Sodium alters the physical properties of the drug and the knowledge of these parameters would help to predict adhesion properties that cannot be estimated using the solubility parameters of the parent acid. This ...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Bustamante P,Pena MA,Barra J

更新日期：2000-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:In the fluid bed agglomeration processes liquid distribution influences the agglomerate growth. We developed a new nozzle that produces uniform droplets, which allows droplets to be easily controlled in size independently of liquid- and airflow of the nozzle. It was found that the spray rate and the mixing in the spra...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Schaafsma SH,Vonk P,Kossen NW

更新日期：2000-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine the plasma concentrations of selected NSAIDs after topical gel administration and to determine the influence of the physicochemical characteristics of these drugs on transdermal absorption. Plasma concentrations of the drugs were determined using high performance liquid chrom...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Beetge E,du Plessis J,Müller DG,Goosen C,van Rensburg FJ

更新日期：2000-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Preparation conditions of nanoparticles greatly influence their physicochemical characteristics. A factorial design was used to evaluate the influence of these conditions on the particle diameter, zeta potential, polydispersity, percentage recovery, and molecular weight of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles. Th...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： McCarron PA,Woolfson AD,Keating SM

更新日期：1999-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Mechanical treatments such as grinding, milling or micronization applied to crystalline drug substances may induce changes such as the occurrence of crystal defects and/or amorphous regions. These changes are likely to affect the chemical and physical properties of the material as well as the corresponding drug produc...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Guinot S,Leveiller F

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pyrogen induced secretion of interleukin 6 (IL-6) in Mono Mac 6 (MM6) cells was measured. The ability of the MM6 cell culture to detect pyrogens was compared to the Limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) test and isolated mononuclear cells (MNC). The detection limit of MM6 for lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Staphylococcus aure...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Moesby L,Jensen S,Hansen EW,Christensen JD

更新日期：1999-11-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The main objective of the study was to evaluate if the liquid crystalline cubic phase gel of glyceryl monooleate (GMO) protects insulin from agitation induced aggregation. The aggregation of Humulin(R), Regular Iletin I(R) and Regular Iletin II(R), in cubic phase GMO gels at 30 U/g of gel was compared with that in PBS...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Sadhale Y,Shah JC

更新日期：1999-11-25 00:00:00